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Sumbawa |
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For the Resorts go to Traveling by Sea |
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Minerals and Mining
Sumbawa |
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PT Newmont Nusa Tenggara (PTNNT) |
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PT Newmont Nusa Tenggara (PTNNT) is an Indonesian joint venture
company owned by Nusa Tenggara Partnership and by PT Pukuafu Indah.
In 1986 PTNNT signed a Contract of Work Agreement for our Batu Hijau
copper and gold mine with the Republic of Indonesia in an area
located on West Nusa Tenggara Province.
Batu Hijau is an open pit mine with associated processing and
support facilities. Our product is copper concentrate containing
small quantities of gold which is transported to local and foreign
smelters for further processing. The project is located in West
Sumbawa regency, West Nusa Tenggara.
The Batu Hijau porphyry copper deposit was discovered in 1990
after ten years of exploration. Following the approval of the
feasibility study and environmental impact analysis (ANDAL), a
US$1.8 billion construction project commenced in early 1997 and
finished in late 1999, followed by commissioning/ start up.
Commercial production started on 1 March 2000.
Based on the feasibility study, Batu Hijau's ore reserves were
1.1 billion tons containing 0.525 percent copper and 0.37 grams per
ton of gold. At the current production rate, Batu Hijau's mine life
is expected to continue until 2023. PTNNT is currently exploring
other parts of its Contract of Work area such as the Elang
exploration prospect.
As a contractor to the Government of Indonesia, PTNNT
contributes substantially to the nation's economy through
employment, domestic purchases, royalties and taxes. Currently,
PTNNT is responsible for the direct employment of over 7,000 people.
Of these, more than 60 percent are from the province of West Nusa
Tenggara.
In 2007, PTNNT contributed more than $248 million in taxes,
non-taxes and royalties to the Indonesian government. In addition,
PTNNT annually purchases goods and services from within Indonesia
amounting more than US$154 million, pays US$58 million to national
employees and spends US$4 million in community development. |
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Tribes |
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Dompu Tribe 82.000 |
The Dompu peo ple group lives in the Dompu Regency on the island of
Sumbawa in the West Nusa Tenggara Province. They live in the Huu, Dompu, Kempo,
and Kilo districts. They live among several other ethnic groups including
those who are native to the area, such as the Donggo and Bima, as well as
those who have migrated there like the Melayu, Bugis, and Sasak. The Bima
people live in closest proximity to the Dompu people. The Bima people are the
predominant people group in the eastern part of Sumbawa Island, and the
Sumbawa people are the predominant people group in the western part. The Dompu
people use the Bima language, which is sometimes called Nggahi Mbojo.
The Dompu people rarely move from their home district. Those who do move are
primarily motivated by educational and economic factors. On the other hand,
many outsiders have moved to the Dompu area.The primary livelihood of the
Dompu people is farming and fishing. Some Dompu people raise livestock, and
work as traders or employees in businesses. Their agricultural methods of rice
farming range from very technical to very simple, and covers an area of 13,000
hectares. Other crops include cassava, sweet potatoes, soybeans, corn,
tobacco, kapok from cotton trees, kemiri nuts, areca nuts, and tamarind trees.
They also have coffee and coconut tree plantations, but these do not yield
significant profits. They are successful and make a significant profit from
salt water and fresh water fishing. The Dompu people's base administrative
structure for their society is the village (desa). Their villages are always
located along the side of roads or rivers. The Dompu houses are made from wood
and dried leaves with roofs that slope down very low. The transportation of
the Dompu people usually consists of wagons pulled by water buffalo (gerobak
kerbau), and horse drawn carts (dokar kuda) that are sometimes called "ben
hurs" after the American movie.In 1969 the Nangameru area of the Dompu region
was established as a transmigration area. As a result people migrated to this
area from Jawa (Jawa) and other over-populated islands of Indonesia. This
precipitated misunderstandings between those native to the area and the
transmigrants. The social differences between the various new groups and the
original local people widened the gap between them.
The majority of the Dompu embrace Islam. However, despite their Islamic
beliefs, they still believe in spirits. The Muslim religious leaders and the
well educated are respected by the rest of the community, in part due to their
relatively high economic status. |
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Sumbawa-328.000 |
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West end of Sumbawa Island, west of the isthmus. Alternate names:
Semawa, Sumbawarese. |
The Sumbawa (or Samawa) p eople group live on the island of Sumbawa
in West Nusa Tenggara Province. The name Sumbawa originally designated only
the western part of this island (the former Sultanate of Sumbawa), with its
eastern part known as Bima. Today the whole island is called Sumbawa, but the
Sumbawa people live primarily scattered throughout 14 districts of west
Sumbawa, while the Bima people live in the eastern portion of the island.
There are also some Sumbawa people who migrated to the island of Lombok a long
time ago.
Farming is the livelihood of the general population of Sumbawa. They cultivate
irrigated rice fields or unirrigated rice fields that depend on rainwater.
Raising cattle such as water buffalo, cows and goats are also an important
source of income for the Sumbawa people.The Sumbawa society has several
systems of gotong royong (mutual assistance). One system is known as Basiru,
which involves working together in the fields alternating at the request of
individuals in the village. Saleng tulong is another cooperation system where
food is prepared and given to someone, who later returns the same favor. The
Sumbawa people follow patrilineal (tracing descent from the father) lines of
ancestry. It is their custom that a newlywed couple lives with the family of
the husband (patrilocal). After a father has a child he is usually called by
the name of his firstborn.The neighborhood of the Sumbawa people is called a
kampung or a karang. They live in groups scattered throughout the village's
vicinity, which has no clear boundaries due to its large size. Some
settlements have wooden fences with gates, called jebak. Most of their houses
are elevated. A regular home is called a bale and the home of the upper class
is called a bala. The usual neighborhood includes a mosque, a village
meetinghouse and a rice barn.The villages choose their own village leader (kepala
kampung), who is then inaugurated by a higher-ranking official called a demong.
The kepala kampung and his mandur (deputy) oversee village life with the
assistance of the malar, who supervises community land, and the lebeh, who is
in charge of religious affairs. The lebeh is assisted by a group of staff
called isi mesigit, which consists of various religious officials (rura, modum,
katib and martabat) who each perform specific duties.
The majority of the Sumbawa people are Shafiite Mulslims ,but there are still
many animistic practices evident behind the veneer of Islam. There are many
shamans left in the society and many Sumbawa professing Islam still rely on
advice and help, especially in times of crisis. In 1995, in this province,
more than 75% of children under the age of five received 'help' from the local
dukun or shaman. They also believe in various spirits and genies, such as
samar and bakek. The people have special ceremonies seeking protection from
disasters and evil spirits. |
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Bima (Mbojo) -Sumbawa-628.000 |
The Bima (also called the Mbojo) people live in West Nusa Tenggara
Province in the flat lowland regencies of Bima and Dompu on the eastern
portion Sumbawa Island, as well as on Sangeang Island. Despite a long
coastline, indented by bays, the population is not sea-oriented and most
villages lie more than 5 kilometers from the coast. The northern part of their
area is fertile, while the southern portion is barren and infertile.The Bima
people are also called the Oma (moving) people, because they continue a
lifestyle of often moving. The Bima language (sometimes called Nggahi Mbojo)
includes the Bima, Bima Donggo, and Sangeang dialects.
The primary livelihood of the Bima people is dry land farming, however they
also practice irrigated rice farming using a system of irrigation called
panggawa. They are also famous for breeding horses. The Bima women are skilled
at braiding mats from bamboo and palmyra palm leaves and weaving a fabric for
which they are well known called tembe nggoli.A Bima settlement is called a
kampo or kampe and is led by a village leader, who is called a neuhi. He is
helped by a group of highly respected family elders. The leadership position
is inherited from generation to generation among the descendents of the
village's founder. The Bima people are definitely not shut off from outside
influences. Formerly school education was considered to be in opposition to
their traditions. Now, however, they endorse education from primary school
through university. They tend to consider outside influences as good,
especially cultural and technological ones.
Even though the large majority of Bima people embrace Islam and are known for
being very staunch in their religion, they still believe in spirits and
continue with many animistic practices. There are still many shamans left in
the society and many Sumbawa professing Islam still rely on advice and help,
especially in times of crisis.The Bima people fear the spirits of Batara
Gangga (the head god with the greatest power), Batara Guru, Idadari Sakti, and
Jeneng, as well as the spirits Bake and Jin who live in trees, very high
mountains and are believed to have power to cause disease and calamities. They
also believe in a large supernatural tree located in Kalate, and in Murmas,
which is the special dwelling place of the gods of Mountain Rinjani, as well
as a special place where Batara and the other gods and goddesses live. The
original beliefs of the Bima people are called pare no bongi, which refers to
belief in the spirits of their ancestors. In the 1930's hundreds of Bima
people in the mountain area of Dompu heard the gospel and responded.
Today there are 4 mountain villages that are more than 90%
'Christian'. These people are very poor and isolated. |
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Traditional Villages |
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Up • Alor • Flores • Lombok • Komodo • Savu • Sumba • Sumbawa • Timor • Roti • Old Dynasties • Arts & Crafts |
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